Processing of agricultural apple fruit waste into sugar rich feedstocks for the catalytic production of 5-HMF over a Sn Amberlyst-15 resin catalyst

In this study we considered processes of treatment agricultural apple waste which is normally discarded. We show the effect various pre-treatment procedures on final catalytic performance to produce 5-HMF from real world biomass waste. Our potential steps, and their performance, provides valuable new insights can be used for development localised small scale valorization fruit The aimed converted into a sugar rich feedstock stream conversion 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF) at low temperatures (?120 °C). Filters with varying pore sizes were studied filtration pomace after milling rotten apples in order reduce solids content. tested filters varied 0.2 ?m, 2 ?m 54 ?m. heating, acid or base slurry was evaluated increasing speed filtration. highest flow rate obtained filter pores. filtrates investigated over an easy-to-manufacture Sn exchanged resin (Amberlyst-15) catalyst. Results showed that lead yields (18 %) without extra additives. Adjustment reaction mixtures pH 7 resulted lower activity. proposed extracted aqueous layer by using organic liquid (methyl isobutyl ketone, MIBK). increase diffusion MIBK addition salts mixture investigated. This leads activity, possibly due catalyst deactivation. results relatively wide (54 ?m) fastest processing method filtrate reacting yield product apples.